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Prognostic Nutritional Index, Circulating Bacterial and Viral DNA, and Neurocognitive Vulnerability in Geriatric Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Gretta Veronica Badillo Pazmay, Patrizia D'Aquila, Carlo Fortunato et al.Nutrients

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Impaired immunonutritional status is common among hospitalized older adults and may contribute to adverse outcomes through alterations in gut-brain axis pathways involving immune, microbial, and inflammatory mechanisms. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), a composite marker based on serum albumin and lymphocyte count,…

MUSA: A Multimodal MRI-Based Major Depressive Disorder Classification Model with a Unified ROI Semantic Space.

Honghua Wang, Xiuwei Peng, Han Wu et al.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disabling psychiatric disorder mainly diagnosed through clinical interviews and rating-scale assessments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a promising basis for computer-aided MDD identification, particularly through multimodal models that can integrate structural and functional brain information. However,…

EP2 and EP4 in Alzheimer's Disease: Cell-Dependent Signalling and Implications for Selective Targeting.

Xi Zhao, Youjia Zeng, Zhenyan Song et al.International journal of molecular sciences

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signalling influences amyloid-β (Aβ) processing, myeloid function, and neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although EP2 and EP4 share Gs-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling, their cellular effects differ. This review integrates genetic, pharmacological, ageing, and AD-model evidence to assess receptor-selective…

HDL Functionality, Cholesterol-Related Biomarkers and Incidence of Dementia: A Case-Cohort Study in Older Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Mireia Malcampo, Álvaro Hernáez, Javier Hernando-Redondo et al.International journal of molecular sciences

Associations of lipid profiles, including qualitative and functional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) traits, and cholesterol-related biomarkers with incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), remain unclear. In this regard, older adults at high cardiovascular risk are at particularly high risk of developing dementia. The aim…

Changes in peripheral sensory afference do not alter predictive motor planning: evidence from carpal tunnel syndrome.

Jacob T, Mohamed Ibrahim BK, Vishnu Babu G et al.Experimental brain research

Natural Compounds and Their Microbiota-Derived Metabolites as Modulators of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer Disease: Biochemical Mechanisms and Drug Discovery Insights-A Narrative Review.

Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi, Francesco Terlizzi, Alessia Catalano et al.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) is a complex signaling network linking the gut microbiota with central nervous system function. Growing evidence suggests that gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) through mechanisms involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, disruption of the epithelial barrier, and altered…

The Interplay Between Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Emerging Evidence, Mechanistic Insights, and Clinical Implications.

Xiaoya Ma, Zhuo Chen, Alexander Anstey et al.International journal of molecular sciences

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder with potential consequences beyond the skin. Growing evidence links pediatric AD to neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD),…

Resveratrol for Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Dysfunction: From Molecular Basis to Clinical Translation.

Margarita L Martinez-Fierro, Samantha Gonzalez-Delgado, Israel A Solis-Hernandez et al.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Post-COVID-19 condition can include persistent cognitive symptoms, commonly described as impaired attention, memory difficulties, slowed processing, and "brain fog." Clinical and translational evidence implicates systemic inflammation, neurovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, glial inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and altered synaptic or network function; their…

L1CAM-Enriched Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: An Exploratory Study.

Selene De Benedittis, Patrizia Spadafora, Beatrice Maria Greco et al.International journal of molecular sciences

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the identification of reliable molecular biomarkers remain critical clinical needs. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched by L1CAM immunocapture-L1CAM-enriched EVs-a fraction widely used to obtain material of putative neuronal origin, have been proposed as a…

Measuring heart and breath: BRAMS-Bio-Box (B3), a wearable open-source physiology recording platform

Bahadori M, Voix J, Bella SD et al.

Coordinated cerebellar–midbrain activity for predictive signaling during fear learning in mice

Urrutia Desmaison JD, Léna C, Popa D

Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity in Perioperative Delirium: From Neuroinflammation to Circuit Dysfunction and Recovery.

Zheng Liu, Tong Wang, Xinran He et al.Genes

Perioperative delirium is an acute disturbance of attention and awareness that arises when surgical stress interacts with limited brain reserve. Synaptic dysfunction provides a plausible connection between genetic susceptibility, neuroimmune responses and fluctuating network activity, but the strength of evidence differs substantially across…

Neurobiological Pathways Underlying Opioid Addiction and Overdose: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets, and Insights from Zebrafish Model.

Jovana Duric, Frederick E Williams, Isaac T SchieferInternational journal of molecular sciences

The worldwide opioid epidemic continues to claim thousands of lives each year and remains one of the most urgent global public health challenges, driven by the high abuse potential and overdose risk of potent, fully synthetic μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists such as fentanyl.…

Aluminum Chloride-Induced Planarian Model with Cognitive Impairments Through Neuronal Damage, Neurotransmitter Imbalance, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress.

Qingxian Wang, Shixue Wang, Zhenbiao Xu et al.International journal of molecular sciences

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease has significantly increased, which will place a heavy burden on families and society. Cognitive impairment is a typical feature of Alzheimer's disease. Rodent models play a key role in AD research, but their considerable expense and slow development…

Infant gut microbiome neuroactive pathways link to social disadvantage, toddler neurodevelopment, cognitive and behavioural outcomes: a longitudinal cohort study.

Lee G, Rosa BA, Ndao IM et al.EBioMedicine

Urban Aesthetics: Beauty and Interestingness of the City

Fingerhut J

The anger-insula-body link in heart arrhythmias

Mazzola V, Martins-Dominati E, Bondolfi G et al.

Self-initiated restrictive feeding: a new mouse model of restrictive eating disorders

Ferguson R, Karnani M

Dietary fructose promotes anxiety through impairment of microglia physiology

Coursan-Crave A, Devos T, Huart M et al.

A Personalized Approach to Student Mental Health: Real-Time EEG Biofeedback for Stress and Focus Management

Jha AK, Kalsekar A, Chogle MS